• Aurora A the polar kinase is located at

  2023-12-19

  

  Aurora A the ’polar kinase’ is located at the centrosome and is required for its maturation, division, for the mitotic spindle assembly and entry into mitosis., Mutation or transcriptional silencing of Aurora A impairs centrosome maturation and separation, leads to mono/multipolar spindles, to dela

• Two parallel branches of the DNA damage dependent S

  2023-12-19

  

  Two parallel branches of the DNA damage-dependent S-phase checkpoint are thought to co-operate by inhibiting distinct steps of DNA replication. One branch includes the phosphorylation of structural maintenance of chromosomes 1 (SMC1), a cohesin that is activated by ATM or ATR after IR treatment or r

• In this study we showed

  2023-12-19

  

  In this study, we showed that TRIM48 promotes ASK1 activation through ubiquitination-dependent degradation of a negative regulator of ASK1 activation, protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1). Knocking down TRIM48 suppressed oxidative-stress-induced cell death mediated by ASK1, and the additiona

• To elucidate whether membrane fluidity changes could impact

  2023-12-19

  

  To elucidate whether membrane fluidity changes could impact on signaling pathways, we examined the effects of Rh2 on the activation of Akt, a lipid raft-associated protein kinase, which promotes cell survival and blocks the apoptotic pathways. Upon pretreatment with 5 mM MβCD and in the absence of R

• br Experimental EPR spectra of probes a f were recorded

  2023-12-19

  

  Experimental EPR spectra of probes 1a–f were recorded on a Bruker EMX-1572 operating at X-band (9.0–9.9 GHz), at 21 ± 1 °C. The EPR parameters were the same in all experiments: microwave power, 1 mW; modulation amplitude, 5 G; time constant, 10.24 ms; and conversion time, 40.96 ms. Reduced gluta

• y15 The AT hook motif is highly conserved in

  2023-12-19

  

  The AT-hook motif is highly conserved in evolution from bacteria to humans and is found in one or more copies in a large number of other, non-HMGA, proteins, many of which are transcription factors or are involved in chromatin remodeling [8]. For example, AT-hook peptide motifs are essential compone

• Our conclusion was confirmed by two experiments

  2023-12-19

  

  Our conclusion was confirmed by two experiments. The addition of aminopeptidase-specific inhibitors at high concentrations allowed us to exclude the possibility of substrate hydrolysis by other proteases present in the samples, for example, endoproteases. After the application of inhibitors, we were

• In conclusion our study would

  2023-12-19

  

  In conclusion, our study would seem to indicate that a hydrophilic microenvironment, which is suitable to accommodate highly hydrophilic molecules with steric hindrance such as aldose hemiacetals, allows the enzyme modulation by one of its most important physiopathological substrates. It is difficul

• br Adenosine as a mediator of procedures used to

  2023-12-18

  

  Adenosine as a mediator of procedures used to manage pain The issue of caffeine Caffeine, from dietary sources, is perhaps the most widely consumed behaviorally active agent in the world (Fredholm et al., 1999). Initial characterization indicated caffeine had a higher affinity at A1−, A2A− and

• ceramide br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion T

  2023-12-18

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The brain is endowed with the 5-LOX enzymatic system (Lammers et al., 1996, Lindgren et al., 1984), but its physiological and pathological roles are still not clear. Inflammation is a characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheime

• Matrix metalloprotease inhibitors are increasingly available

  2023-12-18

  

  Matrix metalloprotease inhibitors are increasingly available and tested for other indications in clinical trials. The present study suggests that either ADAM10 or TACE inhibition alone will not maximally restore leukocyte Axl function. We found that lower doses of ADAM10/TACE inhibitors exhibit simi

• br Exocytosis of GLUT by autophagy br

  2023-12-18

  

  Exocytosis of GLUT4 by autophagy Conclusion Conflict of interest Ethics statement Antigen processing and presentation Adaptive immune response has to be instructed to identify and eliminate specific pathogens or foreign entities defined by their antigenic determinants. Processed antig

• Acl converts cytosolic citrate CoA and ATP into acetyl

  2023-12-18

  

  Acl converts cytosolic citrate, CoA and ATP into acetyl-CoA, ADP+Pi and oxaloacetate (Fig. 1). This cytosolic enzyme is present in few Prokaryotes and in all Eukaryotes, but not in non-oleaginous yeasts [14]. Thus, this enzyme was presumed to be essential for FA synthesis [1], [13], [15]. In most mi

• Further important evidence for G protein signaling on early

  2023-12-18

  

  Further important evidence for G protein signaling on early endosomes has been subsequently obtained for the β2-adrenegic receptor using fluorescently-tagged conformation-sensitive nanobodies selectively recognizing the active receptor and Gs protein [43]. More recently, our group used a combinatio

• Autophagy and apoptosis have a very complex relationship

  2023-12-18

  

  Autophagy and apoptosis have a very complex relationship, and the precise mechanism remains to be determined. At present, a large amount of research has confirmed that autophagy can protect the cell from apoptosis in special conditions such as nutrient deficiency or growth factors deprivation; the e

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