• br Glucose metabolism and diet Glucokinase is essential

  2022-01-04

  

  Glucose metabolism and diet Glucokinase is essential for sensing blood glucose levels, thus controls metabolism (Iynedjian, 1993, Iynedjian, 2009, Postic et al., 2001, Agius, 2008). Loss of glucokinase activity in humans and mice leads to diabetes (Printz et al., 1993b, Postic et al., 2001, Agius

• Congenital Gcgr mice exhibit increased hepatic Fgf expressio

  2022-01-04

  

  Congenital Gcgr mice exhibit increased hepatic Fgf21 expression and circulating FGF21 levels. Previous studies by other investigators demonstrated that neutralization of circulating FGF21 with specific BMI1 inhibitor impairs glucose control in these mice [6]. In addition, the FGF21 analog LY2405319

• aldose reductase br Introduction HH GLI signaling is

  2022-01-04

  

  Introduction HH-GLI signaling is one of the major pathways involved in both normal and neoplastic development [[1], [2], [3], [4]]. Inappropriate activation of this pathway has been linked to cancer, including medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, basal cell carcinoma and cancers of the lung, stomac

• CaCl was from the Radiochemical Centre

  2022-01-04

  

  45CaCl2 was from the Radiochemical Centre (Amersham, UK), NaVO3 was from Reachim (Moscow, Russia). Tetrodotoxin was purchased from Calbiochem, DTNB from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. Nifedipine was synthesized in the Institute of Drug Research, Modra, Slovakia and was kindly provided by Dr. Zdeno Mahrl

• br Results br Discussion The inflammasome consists of the se

  2022-01-04

  

  Results Discussion The inflammasome consists of the sensor molecule nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), the adaptor protein ASC, and the a66 receptor molecule CASP1 (Guo et al., 2015). Among the different types of inflammasome, the NLRP3 inflammasome requires a prim

• ADAM has two alternative splicing forms

  2022-01-04

  

  ADAM12 has two alternative splicing forms, a membrane-anchored long form (ADAM12-L) and a secreted short form (ADAM12-S). Both the long and short forms have metalloproteinase, disintegrin, cysteine-rich, and epidermal growth factor-like domains and can shed pro-heparin binding-epidermal growth facto

• We sought to deduce the role of membrane lipid

  2022-01-04

  

  We sought to deduce the role of membrane lipid determinants on endo- and exocytosis by applying a combination of metabolic (lipid) engineering approaches and biophysical methods, e.g. classical optical imaging technologies and high-resolution time-resolved patch-clamp/capacitance measurements. The l

• Hyperhomocysteinemia HHcy is a clinical condition

  2022-01-04

  

  Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a clinical condition characterized by increased levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) and a well-known risk factor for CVDs. Hcy is a sulfur-containing non-protein amino gamma-Glu-Cys formed during the intracellular conversion of methionine to cysteine. Previous study d

• The PAS and CC domains

  2022-01-03

  

  The PAS and CC domains of sGC have been studied less by comparison, though their function in sGC signal transduction is likely important. PAS domains are versatile as they can play varied roles in different proteins, such as quaternary structure organization, cofactor binding, and signal transductio

• Previously we reported that the

  2022-01-03

  

  Previously, we reported that the inhibition of PKC-ζ and PKC-ε activity in hypertrophic adipocytes had deleterious effects on EPA-induced GPR120-mediated VEGF-A production [12]. However, the activation of PKC-θ, -ζ and -λ can also enhance the phosphorylation of IKK and p65, and facilitate the transl

• The saturated carbocyclic derivatives pyrazoles M and

  2022-01-03

  

  The saturated carbocyclic derivatives, pyrazoles (2.5μM and 5.2μM) and (9.0μM and 2.5μM), provided little improvement in potency when compared to the linear alkyl derivatives, whereas the C5-phenyl derivative (0.31μM and 0.43μM) showed promise as a scaffold for further structural modifications. In

• In previous work we showed that

  2022-01-03

  

  In previous work we showed that benzophenanthridines do not affect the surface expression of GlyT1 (Jursky and Baliova, 2011). The results from the surface biotinylation studies reported in Fig. 3 show that the surface expression of the Y370F mutant is not significanly affected by the alkaloids in t

• br Neural circuits that control hunger

  2022-01-03

  

  Neural circuits that control hunger Ghrelin & cognitive control of feeding Ghrelin is a 28 amino Anisomycin orexigenic peptide that stimulates food intake in rodents and patients (Andrews, 2011, Cummings, 2006, Horvath et al., 2001, Müller et al., 2015, Nakazato et al., 2001, Tschöp et al., 20

• SU 4312 As many of the above studies highlight several decad

  2022-01-03

  

  As many of the above studies highlight, several decades of research on Cx43 has revealed that many of these functional roles are attributed to the C-terminal domain (CT) of this protein which cannot be explained by the formation and existence of intercellular channels. Recent findings on the existen

• Further insight in how exactly galanin might inhibit seizure

  2022-01-03

  

  Further insight in how exactly galanin might inhibit seizures was obtained from galanin transgenic mice. It occurred that the altered susceptibility to seizures was in direct correlation with glutamate release from hippocampal slices obtained from these animals (Fig. 2(b)). While no differences were

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