• Natural products have been always the most important and pro

  2021-11-17

  

  Natural products have been always the most important and productive sources of lead compounds for the development of drugs [[15], [16], [17]]. A variety of potent α-glucosidase inhibitors have been identified from natural products, such as quercetin, resveratrol, isorhamnetin, calein C and curcumin

• br The small conductance Ca

  2021-11-17

  

  The small conductance Ca-activated K+ (SKCa; SK, SKCa, KCa2) channels are recognized as a subfamily of KCa channels (Bond, Maylie, & Adelman, 1999). The SKCa channel is encoded by three distinct genes, KCNN1, KCNN2, and KCNN3 with different sensitivities toward apamin. Different with BKCa channels

• br Results br Discussion secretase mediated proteolysis

  2021-11-17

  

  Results Discussion γ-secretase-mediated proteolysis of integral membrane proteins is required for diverse biological processes (Lal and Caplan, 2011). One γ-secretase target of particular interest is Notch, as recent work has shown Notch activity to be increased in obesity and associated metab

• SYR-322 The development of metabolic stable non peptidergic

  2021-11-17

  

  The development of metabolic stable, non-peptidergic galanin agonists could be the basis to clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors with high levels of galanin receptor expression like gliomas and pituitary tumors. As for gliomas, penetration of the blood brain barrier by the compounds might be p

• Activation of FXR or TGR has

  2021-11-17

  

  Activation of FXR or TGR5 has overlapping but also differing effects on metabolic regulation and inflammation [1]. In this report, we demonstrate that in addition to preventing the progression of obesity, NAFLD, and atherosclerosis, activation of BA receptors can also promote regression of these com

• In this study we have investigated the expression of FXR

  2021-11-17

  

  In this study, we have investigated the expression of FXR and TGR5 in CCA tissues in two independent cohorts of patients and determined their association with tumor clinicopathological parameters. The expression of both BA receptors was also evaluated in CCA human cells and normal human cholangiocyt

• Our data show that oxidative

  2021-11-17

  

  Our data show that oxidative stress (high levels of ROS) suppresses the process of lysosomal exocytosis, which would be predicted to impair the expulsion of toxic compounds from cells. Therefore, we propose that ROS have a biphasic effect on the lysosomal clearance: consistent with their role as a s

• Our data show that oxidative

  2021-11-17

  

  Our data show that oxidative stress (high levels of ROS) suppresses the process of lysosomal exocytosis, which would be predicted to impair the expulsion of toxic compounds from cells. Therefore, we propose that ROS have a biphasic effect on the lysosomal clearance: consistent with their role as a s

• br Prostaglandins meet Hippo The prostaglandins lie at

  2021-11-17

  

  Prostaglandins meet Hippo The prostaglandins lie at the crossroads between inflammation, regeneration and tumorigenesis (Figure 3). Prostaglandins are synthesized from archidonic gnrh antagonist by Cox1 and Cox2 enzymes [40, 41] and in the gut, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) protects against DSS-induced

• To date several studies have suggested that serum HER

  2021-11-17

  

  To date, several studies have suggested that serum HER2 could be used as a biomarker for monitoring the disease course and the patient's response to therapy [110], [111]. However, the clinical usefulness of serum HER2 has not been fully validated because of conflicting data [31]. The enzyme-linked i

• br Acknowledgments This research was

  2021-11-17

  

  Acknowledgments This research was funded by generous grants from the Singapore National Medical Research Council (NMRC CBRG grant NMRC/CBRG12Nov114 (BD)). WJC is supported by NMRC Clinician Scientist Investigator award and partly supported by a Singapore Cancer Syndicate Grant, the National Resea

• Table shows the distribution of all studied groups regarding

  2021-11-17

  

  Table 3 shows the distribution of all studied groups regarding mutation of GSTP1 gene polymorphism in each group. From 15 COPD smoker patients in group (A), 12 (80%) had heterozygous mutation, from 15 COPD non-smoker patients in group (B), 5 (33.3%) had heterozygous mutation, from 10 control subject

• The physiological and pharmacological roles of GPR remain

  2021-11-16

  

  The physiological and pharmacological roles of GPR81 remain largely unclear because of several reasons. The low potency of lactate agonizing GPR81 in the millimolar range, together with its fast metabolic turnover, renders as a challenge in in vivo studies using lactate. Furthermore, there are no po

• br Potential endogenous agonists of GPR The first endogenous

  2021-11-16

  

  Potential endogenous agonists of GPR35 The first endogenously produced chemical that was shown to be able to activate GPR35 was the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic 1670 [8]. When human GPR35 was expressed along with a mixture of promiscuous and chimeric G proteins 9, 10 (Box 1) in CHO cells, add

• br According to WHO estimates diabetes continues to

  2021-11-16

  

  According to WHO 2014 estimates, diabetes continues to present an increasing health risk to the global population, affecting 422 million individuals worldwide. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), which affects the vast majority (ca. 90%) of the diabetic population, occurs when the body cannot effectively utili

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