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Additionally of outmost important is the location of the
2020-05-20
Additionally, of outmost important is the location of the different CpG islands in relation to the transcription starting site (TSS) of the promoter as well as their interaction with transcription activators or repressors. It has been shown that methylation at the downstream region of the TSS in the
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The present study also showed that
2020-05-20
The present study also showed that EP2 deficiency and EP4 antagonism significantly suppressed psoriatic Necrostatin 1 in an imiquimod model. Notably, however, the combined EP2 deficiency and EP4 antagonism did not completely suppress ear swelling in this model, possibly because there is the IL-17–in
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br DDR mediated signaling DDRs initiate signaling
2020-05-20
DDR-mediated signaling DDRs initiate signaling pathways in a context and cell type-dependent manner. For instance, DDR1 was reported to activate ERK in vascular smooth muscle nhs chemical (Lu et al., 2011), to inhibit ERK in mesangial cells (Curat and Vogel, 2002), and to have no effect on ERK a
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion In
2020-05-20
Materials and methods Results Discussion In this work, we have studied the contribution of different pathways to the slow but stable progression of replication forks through DNA damaged by MMS [15]. The in vivo analysis of DNA replication forks along a specific chromosome of S. cerevisiae h
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The ERR gene lacks the typical
2020-05-19
The ERRα gene lacks the typical TATA and CAAT boxes, but has multiple consensus Sp1 binding elements in the GC-rich promoter (Shi et al., 1997). Previously, our laboratory has shown that ERRα expression is upregulated in the mouse uterus by estrogen (Shigeta et al., 1997) and recently we identified
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br Roles of ERR in Physiology and
2020-05-19
Roles of ERRγ in Physiology and Disease Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives Over the last decade, the generation of tissue-specific ERRγ transgenic or knockout mice and the use of synthetic ligands have rapidly advanced our understanding of the roles of ERRγ in cellular functions, altho
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In conclusion we provide convincing evidence that the
2020-05-19
In conclusion, we provide convincing evidence that the PRRSV-induced SGs are indeed bona fide SGs. While we determined that mRNA is present in the PRRSV-induced SGs, we did not distinguish its origin. Future studies will need to determine whether the mRNA stored in PRRSV-induced SGs is of cellular o
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br Results and discussion br Conclusions
2020-05-18
Results and discussion Conclusions In conclusion, we have developed rational strategies that allowed us to successfully identify a series of novel analogs structurally related to to modulate the activity of estrogen-related receptors (ERRγ and ERRβ), which are constitutively active. All of th
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br Conclusion The past few years have witnessed
2020-05-18
Conclusion The past few years have witnessed substantial progress in understanding the structural mechanisms of substrate recognition and the reactions catalyzed by the O-GlcNAc-cycling enzymes, but more work remains. In particular, future research will be needed to establish how OGT and OGA inte
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It is noteworthy that little is known as
2020-05-18
It is noteworthy that little is known as to the role of autophagy in regulation of eNOS phosphorylation and eNOS uncoupling. eNOS monomers, but not eNOS dimers could be degraded by ubiquitination [39], harbingering the existence of protein degradation pathways in modulation of eNOS turnover and acti
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br Introduction br Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids are
2020-05-18
Introduction Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids, are fundamental constituents of all eukaryotic membranes and their metabolism is carried out by a broad array of anabolic and 2510 with ceramide as their hub (for a review, (Hannun and Obeid, 2018)). Ceramide can be formed by multiple pathwa
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion The
2020-05-18
Materials and methods Results Discussion The studies reported here provide a more direct link between conformations of the glycine-rich region of DAPK and enzyme activity. As schematically illustrated in Fig. 3, the various conformations of DAPK with bound substrate or product can be consid
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Significantly less is known about regulation
2020-05-18
Significantly less is known about regulation of phytocystatin gene expression. A genomic clone corresponding to the barley cystatin Icy gene has been characterized (Gaddour et al., 2001) and the function of its promoter region has been analysed by Martínez et al. (2005b). Bioinformatic analysis of
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Cysteinyl leukotrienes CysLTs are potent inflammatory mediat
2020-05-18
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are potent inflammatory mediators closely associated with cerebral ischemic injury. CysLTs induce inflammatory responses mediated by at least two different CysLT receptors (CysLT1R and CysLT2R) (Bäck et al., 2011, Singh et al., 2010). It has been reported that the Cys
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br Chk and Chk mediated signaling act as a
2020-05-18
Chk 1 and Chk 2 mediated signaling act as a barrier to tumorigenesis It was hypothesized recently that early events during tumorigenesis, such as the overexpression of oncogenes, lead to a DNA-damage response which, in turn halts tumor progression [44], [45], [46]. The DNA-damage response is prop
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